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Erik Swietlicki. Foto.

Erik Swietlicki

Professor

Erik Swietlicki. Foto.

Extending the scope of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for trace analysis of 3-methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid in atmospheric aerosols leading to the discovery of iron(III) complexes

Författare

  • Hafiz Abdul Azeem
  • Teshome Tolcha
  • Petter Ekman Hyberg
  • Sofia Essén
  • Kristina Stenström
  • Erik Swietlicki
  • Margareta Sandahl

Summary, in English


3-Methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid (MBTCA) is a secondary organic aerosol and can be used as a unique emission marker of biogenic emissions of monoterpenes. Seasonal variations and differences in vegetation cover around the world may lead to low atmospheric MBTCA concentrations, in many cases too low to be measured. Hence, an important tool to quantify the contribution of terrestrial vegetation to the loading of secondary organic aerosol may be compromised. To meet this challenge, a dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) method, known for the extraction of hydrophobic compounds, was extended to the extraction of polar organic compounds like MBTCA without compromising the efficiency of the method. The extraction solvent was fine-tuned using tri-n-octyl phosphine oxide as additive. A multivariate experimental design was applied for deeper understanding of significant variables and interactions between them. The optimum extraction conditions included 1-octanol with 15% tri-n-octyl phosphine oxide (w/w) as extraction solvent, methanol as dispersive solvent, 25% NaCl dissolved in 5 mL sample (w/w) acidified to pH 2 using HNO
3
, and extraction time of 15 min. A limit of detection of 0.12 pg/m
3
in air was achieved. Furthermore, unique complexation behavior of MBTCA with iron(III) was found when analyzed with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC–ESI–QToF). A comprehensive overview of this complexation behavior of MBTCA was examined with systematically designed experiments. This newly discovered behavior of MBTCA will be of interest for further research on organometallic photooxidation chemistry of atmospheric aerosols. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

Avdelning/ar

  • Centrum för analys och syntes
  • MERGE: ModElling the Regional and Global Earth system
  • Kärnfysik
  • NanoLund: Centre for Nanoscience

Publiceringsår

2019-04-01

Språk

Engelska

Sidor

2937-2944

Publikation/Tidskrift/Serie

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

Volym

411

Issue

13

Dokumenttyp

Artikel i tidskrift

Förlag

Springer

Ämne

  • Analytical Chemistry

Nyckelord

  • Biogenic secondary organic aerosol
  • Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction
  • MBTCA
  • Metal complexes
  • Trace analysis

Status

Published

ISBN/ISSN/Övrigt

  • ISSN: 1618-2642